The sounds are defined in each hymn, specifying the starting point, the sequence of intervals and basic melodic characteristics (motifs, melodic phrases, pauses, improvisation parts, endings). Each sound consists of two identical tetrachords and a major tone. It also uses three basic tones: the major (slightly longer than the tempered tone), the minor (slightly shorter than the tempered tone) and the minimal (slightly longer than the tempered half tone). Byzantine music uses the natural method of tuning (and not the tempered). The Byzantine sound system includes four primary and four plagal sounds that is, 8 sounds in total ("oktoichos") each differently based and spaced. The sounds are based on ancient Greek models. Byzantine music is modal and dependent on the sound system.
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